On May 19, 1986, the Firearms Owners’ Protection Act (FOPA) was signed into law. The first comprehensive redraft of the federal firearm laws since 1968, FOPA was predictably lauded as “necessary to restore fundamental fairness and clarity to our Nation’s firearms laws” and damned as an “almost monstrous idea” and a “national disgrace.” The controversy was not limited to the rhetorical. Seven years passed between FOPA’s introduction and its Senate vote; the House vote required passage of a discharge petition only the eighth to succeed in the last twenty-six years. FOPA’s impact, however, is not limited to the Gun Control Act, nor even to federal statutes. By expressly exempting interstate transportation of firearms from the reach of many state firearm laws, it affects state proceedings as well. A detailed comprehension of FOPA is thus essential to an understanding of both federal and state firearm laws. Unfortunately, such a comprehension is not easily achieved. FOPA reflects not a simple, single legislative decision, but a complex series of compromises, many of which are only partially reflected in the record. Even where the record is complete, it is rarely clear. The House bill that ultimately became FOPA is supported by a report, but the report explains not why FOPA should have been adopted, but rather, why it ought to have been rejected. Pre-1986 Federal Firearms LawsNationalization of Firearm Regulation: The National Firearms Act of 1934 and Federal Firearms Act of 1938. Firearms and weapons control statutes are by no means a legislative novelty. The first handgun ban was enacted in 1837, restrictions on sale or carrying of handguns were commonplace by the turn of the century, and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws spent seven years in the 1920s preparing a uniform state act on the subject. Nonetheless, prior to 1934, the sole federal statute on the subject was a 1927 ban on use of the mails to ship firearms concealable on the person. The late 1920s and early 1930s brought, however, a growing perception of crime both as a major problem and as a national one. Public officials did much to support the perception; the mobility of the automobile enabled criminals, in those pre-police radio days, to move between jurisdictions before police units could generally be alerted; such criminal gangs found the sub machinegun (a fully automatic, shoulder-fired weapon utilizing automatic pistol cartridge) and sawed-off shotgun deadly for close-range fighting. The resulting quest for law enforcement solutions approached the incredible. Expansion of National Firearms Laws: The Gun Control Act of 1968The National Firearms Act and Federal Firearms Act formed the backdrop for the next major federal firearms legislation, the two statutes known collectively as the Gun Control Act of 1968. As is often the case, the dry legal history of that Act covers a complex legislative reality. In the post-war years, domestic firearms manufacturers encountered heavy competition from home hobbyists who converted inexpensive imported military arms into hunting and target rifles. “Mail order houses” imported such arms for a pittance and resold them to a national market. Domestic arms manufacturers saw their sporting markets undercut and began pressing for protective measures. Protests to the State and Defense Departments over issuance of surplus import licenses yielded little result. The industry then sought a legislative remedy and in 1958 secured passage in the House of a rider to the Mutual Security Act that would have barred virtually all surplus arms imports. The National Rifle Association took issue with the manufacturers and strongly opposed the amendment. The Senate, citing possible violations of the General Agreement on Trades and Tariffs, limited the restriction to re-importations of American arms, a restriction which prevailed in conference. After this failure, the firearms manufacturers approached Senator Dodd, with arguments and suitable tribute was introduced in August 1963 and had extremely limited scope. Prohibited PersonsS. 1-90 would have barred firearms receipt by fugitives from justice and persons under indictment for, or convicted of, a crime punishable by imprisonment exceeding one year, a term defined to exclude antitrust, unfair trade, and similar infractions. These provisions were, in the main, borrowed from the Federal Firearms Act, which, however, applied this bar only to sales in interstate commerce. S. 1-90 would have allowed persons convicted of such violations–other than violations of the federal firearms laws to apply for an administrative “relief from disabilities,” by which Treasury, upon proof of good character, might restore the right to own or deal in firearms. The latter provision was taken from a 1965 amendment to the Federal Firearms Act, sponsored by Dodd to deal with the problems of a firearms manufacturer. Additionally, under S. 1-90, dealers would have been barred from selling rifles or shotguns to persons under eighteen years of age, or any other firearms to persons under twenty-one years of age, and they would have been generally forbidden to sell any firearm to those whom they knew or should have known “could not lawfully purchase or possess in accord with applicable laws, regulations or ordinances of the State” or locality in which the transferee resided. Dealer LicensingS. 1-90 would have required persons “engaged in the business” of firearms dealing to obtain licenses. This was an expansion of the Federal Firearms Act, which required licensing only if the person “engaged in the business” and shipped or received firearms in interstate commerce. While the Federal Firearms Act licenses were issued upon request, and revoked only upon criminal conviction, S. 1-90 provided that the Secretary “may” issue such licenses and must deny them if the applicant was “by reason of his business experience, financial standing, or trade connections, not likely to commence business operations.” Persons who had wilfully violated the Act or who lacked “business premises'” were likewise denied a license. Dealers were obliged to maintain records fixed by regulation, and their premises were open to inspection at will during business hours. Interstate SalesThe Federal Firearms Act barred interstate sales between non-prohibited persons only when the buyer’s state required, and the buyer lacked, a license to purchase. S. 1-90 drew a line between “long arms” (shotguns and rifles) and other firearms (primarily handguns). Persons who were not licensed dealers could purchase handguns only in their state of residence. Residents of different states could sell each other rifles and shotguns so long as the receipt did not violate state or local law at the buyer’s place of residence. Dealer “mail order sales” of any firearms were barred by a provision barring a licensee from shipping firearms or ammunition to a non-licensee in interstate commerce. National Firearms Act WeaponsThe National Firearms Act required licensing of all machineguns, silencers, and short-barrelled rifles and shotguns. S. 1-90 would have imposed similar restrictions on “destructive devices,” including bombs, grenades, and firearms with a bore over .50 caliber. Sales of National Firearms Act weapons and destructive devices by a licensed dealer required an affidavit of approval from the chief law enforcement officer of the purchaser’s jurisdiction, and interstate transportation of such arms would have required approval by the Secretary. ImportationS. 1-90 would have barred firearms imports subject to a few exceptions, the most important being rifles, shotguns, and non-military handguns “generally recognized as suitable for or readily adaptable to sporting purposes.” The day before S. 1-90’s introduction, Senator McClellan introduced S. 917, “The Safe Streets and Crime Control Act of 1967.” In committee, the bill was renamed “The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1967” and a new Title IV, dealing with firearms, was added. Title IV tracked S. 1-90 in all but a few details; it did not, for example, prohibit mail order sale of rifles and shotguns, nor place minimum age limits on their purchasers. After lengthy debate, the Senate passed S. 917 with several amendments. One amended the exemption for “antique” firearms, which were not subject to the Act, advancing the cut-off date to 1898 from the committee’s 1870 cut-off. A second changed the prohibition on dealer’s sales in violation of state or local law or ordinance. Under the amendment, the dealer’s obligation was to avoid sales barred by state law or a “published ordinance,” the latter being one determined by the Secretary of the Treasury (the Secretary) to be relevant to purposes of the Act and so published in the Federal Register. A third amendment was more significant and, regrettably, less well thought out. It amended S. 917 to add a new title VII, which prohibited certain persons not only from receiving, but also from possessing firearms. The list of prohibited persons did not, however, tally with that in Title IV. To Title IV’s list of convicted felons and fugitives from justice, Title VII added persons given a dishonourable discharge by the military, those judicially adjudged “mentally incompetent,” those who had renounced their citizenship, those who were aliens unlawfully within the state., or those who were acting in the course of employment of any of the other classes. Nor did the discrepancy end there: Title IV had defined a felon as one convicted of a crime punishable by more than one year’s imprisonment, excluding certain business-related offenses, while Title VII simply used the term “felony.” Title IV excepted from this class a person given “relief from disability”; Title VII excepted a person pardoned and “expressly authorized” to own firearms. The Senate substituted S. 917, with these amendments, for the House-passed version of the bill, and the House accepted the Senate version. Thus did Titles IV and VII become law. Enactment of the Firearms Owners’ Protection ActOne of the last House amendments to the Gun Control Act added section 101, declaring that “it is not the purpose of this title to place any undue or unnecessary Federal restrictions or burdens on law abiding citizens with respect to the acquisition, possession, or use of firearms.” Enacting FOPA nearly two decades later, the Congress expressly found that “additional legislation is required to reaffirm the intent of the Congress, as expressed in section 101 of the Gun Control Act.” Between the two statements lay eighteen years of experience and a seven-year legislative gestation period whose intricacies rivalled those of the Gun Control Act itself. Enforcement of the Gun Control Act was initially delegated to the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax Division of the Internal Revenue Service, which had previously enforced the National Firearms Act and Federal Firearms Act. In 1969, this agency became the Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms Division; three years later it achieved full bureau status as the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (BATF). To the stresses of growth was added the virtual collapse of BATF’s traditional duties of enforcing the alcohol taxes. Almost forty percent of BATF’s manpower was directed at a law enforcement problem that had all but vanished. The agency response was a series of heavily publicized projects to demonstrate a potential for firearms operations. Agents and supervisors were implicitly or explicitly assigned quotas and older agents were increasingly replaced with younger, more zealous operatives. Pressure for results, coupled with extremely loose control, led to stringent enforcement of the Gun Control Act’s provisions. This was hardly the first time a statute with broad enforcement powers had been pushed to the limit but BATF’s victims were typically appealing citizens and were represented by relatively well-connected organizations. Even so, the opening skirmish came not over law enforcement, but over the Gun Control Act’s creation of a secretarial power to require submission of reports by licensees. BATF’s attempt to use this power to require manufacturers, importers, and wholesalers to report firearm transfers for agency data processing led to a credibility-damaging legislative fight and prohibitory riders on Treasury appropriations. Dealer LicensingA dealer’s license would be required of anyone “whose time, attention and labour is occupied by dealing in firearms as a regular course of trade or business with the principal objective of livelihood and profit through the repetitive purchase and resale of an inventory or [sic] firearms.” Persons making occasional sales or selling all or part of a “personal collection” were expressly excluded. Interstate SalesSales to non-residents by dealers and non-dealers alike would be allowed unless receipt of the firearm by the purchaser “would be in violation of any published ordinance or law of the state or locality where such person resides.” Prohibited PersonsInconsistencies between Title VII and Title IV prohibitions would be resolved by repealing Title VII and merging its prohibited person classes with those of Title IV. The result would be a single set of provisions barring possession or receipt by, and sale or transfer (by dealer and non-dealer alike) to a list of prohibited classes. The bar on possession by felons would be narrowed to those convicted of certain “disabling crimes” defined as violations of twenty-three chapters of the United States Code “or any similar crime.” Persons under indictment were not included within the proscription, nor were persons with convictions “set aside or expunged.” EnforcementCriminal prosecution would require proof of a wilful violation. Forfeiture would require conviction; any verdict other than guilty, or failure to prosecute within 120 days of seizure, would require return of the seized property. Only firearms named and “individually identified” as involved in or used in (not “intended” to be used in) a wilful violation would be subject to forfeiture. License revocation would be barred if criminal charges were filed and the licensee was not convicted. Attorneys’ fees “shall” be allowed to victorious claimants in forfeiture actions and “may” be allowed in other actions in which the court finds charges were without foundation, or brought vexatiously, frivolously or in bad faith. RecordsWarrantless inspection of the premises of a licensee would be allowed only when reasonable grounds existed to believe evidence of a violation of the chapter might be found. RulemakingA minimum of ninety days’ public notice would be required; “One-House Veto” provisions were established. No rule could require records to be transferred to a federal or state facility, or establish a system of firearm registration. Mandatory SentencingThe Gun Control Act’s additional sentence (technically, an additional offense) for use or unlawful carrying of a firearm in a federal crime would be made mandatory on first offense, rather than on second. Interstate TransportationAny state law or regulation prohibiting the transfer of a firearm in interstate commerce through the state “provided that the firearm is unloaded and not readily accessible” would be rendered null and void. These original forms of FOPA saw no legislative action in the Ninety-sixth Congress. A successor, S. 1030, was introduced in the Ninety-seventh Congress. S. 1030 as introduced contained several significant changes from S. 1862. First, S. 1030 added a prefatory statement of purpose, citing the objective of protecting individual rights under the second, fourth, fifth, ninth and tenth amendments along with rights granted under the Privacy Act, and adding a finding that the purposes of the Gun Control Act had been thwarted by harassment of law-abiding citizens. A second, substantive change completely restructured treatment of “prohibited persons.” S. 1862’s attempt to define specific “disabling” offenses was dropped, and the Gun Control Act’s broad inclusion of non-business felonies was retained, together with its bar on receipt (but not possession) by those under indictment. Gun Lawyer Free ConsultationWhen you need legal help with a gun, machinegun, or firearm in Utah, please call Ascent Law LLC for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.
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Sandy is located at the base of the Wasatch Mountains thirteen miles south of Salt Lake City; Sandy was a likely area for early settlement. The area was first used by nomadic bands of Paiute, Shoshone, and Bannock Indians who roamed along the base of the mountains as they traveled from their winter home at Utah Lake to their summer fishing grounds at Bear Lake. Permanent settlers first moved into Sandy during the 1860s and 1870s because of the availability of land in the less crowded southern end of the Salt Lake Valley. The original plat was essentially one square mile, situated on an alluvial terrace running north and south along the eastern edge of the Jordan River drainage system and paralleling the mountain range. Farmers willing to try their hand at the thirsty soil that inspired Sandy’s name took up land along State Street, which stretched from downtown Salt Lake City to Point of the Mountain. But it was mining that shaped Sandy’s first four decades. When silver mining began in Little Cottonwood Canyon, entrepreneurs recognized Sandy’s value as a supply station; soon its main street was lined with hotels, saloons, and brothels serving miners ready to spend their newly earned wages. Three major smelters were located in Sandy the Flagstaff, the Mingo, and the Saturn making Sandy the territory’s most significant smelting center for a number of years. Sandy was incorporated in 1893, largely as part of an effort to combat what Mormon inhabitants considered “unsavory” elements in the town. Due to its mine-based beginnings, Sandy was somewhat of a boom town, unlike the majority of other rural Utah towns. After incorporation, it was almost as if Sandy had redefined itself. Gone were the large numbers of single, transient men. By 1900 there were only a handful of saloons and hotels, and Sandy began to more closely resemble other rural Utah towns–a place where everyone knew everyone else. Church, farming, business, and family formed the focus of the inhabitants’ world. In the late 1960s, however, this rural town dramatically changed course with its second boom. It had always been assumed by local leaders and citizens that Sandy would grow outward from its logical and historic center the nexus of Main and Center streets. However, population growth overwhelmed the physical center as neighborhoods spread out in every direction over the land. Sandy High School students originally attended Jordan High School, which was completed in 1913. In 1962 Hillcrest High School was completed, followed by Brighton in 1969 and Alta in 1978. Sandy students attend seven middle schools and over a dozen elementary schools. The community is served by a new modern library completed in 1991. Sandy’s major employers at the present are Alta View Hospital, Becton Dickinson/Deseret Medical, Economy Builders Supply, Jordan School District, MacManagement, Sandy City, Shopko, Wasatch Building Products, Inc., Western Rehabilitation Institute, Discover Card, and the South Towne Mall. The Sandy Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006. Portions of the content on this web page were adapted from a copy of the original nomination document. The UTA Salt Lake valley light rail system, TRAX, runs along a previously under-utilized railway corridor on a slight diagonal through the Sandy Historic District, and the “Historic Sandy” (9000 South) TRAX station is found in the district. The station itself is not historic but named after the oldest section of the city, the area of the Sandy Historic District. In a similar pattern to other towns in Utah, the majority of streets in the Sandy Historic District are laid out in an orthogonal grid. Sandy streets are narrower, however, and the blocks are smaller than the ten-acre blocks in Salt Lake City to the north. The street numbering in Sandy originally began at the commercial intersection of Main and Center Streets. There are four parks in the Sandy Historic District: Main Street Park, Bicentennial Park, Center Street Park, and Sandy Station Park. The Sandy Historic District runs along the east side of State Street on the west, along both sides of Pioneer Avenue (8530 South) on the north, from the north side of 9000 South on the south and 280 East to the east. To the east of 280 east, the district covers buildings on either side of the older streets of 8680 South, 8800 South and Locust Street between 280 East and 700 east. The boundaries of the Sandy Historic District have been drawn to encompass the highest concentration of historic buildings in Sandy. The Sandy Historic District is composed of residential, commercial, and institutional buildings from two primary construction phases based on the Sandy City multiple property submissions: “The Mining, Smelting and Small Farm Era c.1871-1910″ context and the “Agriculture, Small Business and Community Development 1906-1946″ context. (The historic district contexts established in this nomination vary only slightly from the MPS contexts.) There are 540 primary buildings and 170 outbuildings in the district. Single family houses constitute 92 percent of the structures with 11 or 4 percent multi-family residential buildings. The majority of the buildings in the Sandy Historic District, 266: 317 less 51 previously listed buildings), or 54%, and 135 of the outbuildings contribute to the historic character of the district. Out-of-period and altered structures are scattered throughout the area but overall the district retains its historic feeling and association. The oldest known extant buildings in the Sandy Historic District date from this era. Classical styles are found in the earliest Utah buildings from 1847 through 1890 and later. There are 14 buildings with elements of Classical styling identified in the Sandy Historic District. Their forms tend to be gabled with rectangular, symmetrical facades and smooth wall surfaces. House types associated with Classical styles are hall-parlors, cross wings and other relatively plain forms. Victorian eclectic styles were popular in Utah from 1885 to 1910 and 61 of the buildings in the Sandy Historic District use the then fashionable Victorian styles. Victorian Eclectic is the term used to describe a style that combines elements of related styles of the era such as Queen Anne, Italianate, Greek revival and Colonial Revival. They are characterized by asymmetrical facades, irregular massing, segmental arched window openings and patterned wooden shingles on the gable ends. The forms or types of the houses from this era found in the historic district are cross wings, central-block-with-projecting-bays, and central passage types. Some yards contain coops, barns or other buildings related to agricultural activities. Many small businesses built structures in this period. The Sandy City Bank (NR 7/9/1997) at 212 E. Main Street (8720 South) constructed its brick single story Second Renaissance Revival corner building in 1907. The brick stucco-covered one-part block, historically known as Anderson’s Meat Market, at 115 E. Main Street (8720 South) has an angled recessed corner entrance, large display windows on both facades, and a stepped parapet. The Sandy Post Office at the corner of Main and Center Streets (123-9 E. Main Street) is a brick one-part block with sign panels, a stepped parapet roof visible on the sides and large plate glass display windows. Bungalows were the most popular house form in Utah in the first quarter of the twentieth century, and Sandy reflects the styling trends in the state with 55 examples of Bungalows in the Sandy Historic District. The characteristic rectangular footprint vernacular Prairie School-style Bungalows usually has a low-pitched hipped roof with wide eaves and a full-width front porch under the main roofline. There are 19 Period Revival cottages in the Sandy Historic District. They are mostly of brick with irregular, picturesque massing and steep front-facing cross gables with asymmetric facades. Period Revival styles are found in Utah from 1890 to 1940 with the greatest number of residential examples built between the wars. The World War II and post war years of the 1940s and 1950s saw the construction of World War II-era cottages and early Ranch houses in Sandy. There are 120 houses in the Sandy Historic District from this era. Most of the explosive population growth in Sandy has been outside of the historic district area although noncontributing and out-of-period buildings appear throughout the Sandy Historic District. Although there are noncontributing buildings in the district, the majority of buildings retains their integrity and contributes to the historic association and feeling of the area. There are 51 buildings within the Sandy Historic District that have been previously listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Because this was the original section of Sandy, the contexts of the historic district closely mirror those of the multiple property submission. The district is significant because it comprises the original core of the city. The Sandy Historic District comprises the area initially laid out in 1873 as the town of Sandy, known as the “original square mile.” The history and early development of Sandy City was directly related to economic and social activities that occurred largely outside of the boundaries of Sandy City. Located twelve miles south of Salt Lake City, Sandy is at the crossroads of several mining districts, Bingham Canyon to the west, and the Big and Little Cottonwood canyons to the east. Sandy’s early history and economic development reflected the fortunes of the mining operations. Agriculture, primarily small farms, also existed in the city and, after the closing of the mines and the moving or closing of the smelters, agriculture enabled the city to survive into the twentieth century as Sandy transformed itself from a small mining-dependent town into a large suburban community at the southeast end of the Salt Lake Valley. The buildings of the Sandy Historic District are significant because they are the best concentration of historic buildings and depict the historical development of the city. The collection of buildings provides a good cross section of the architectural styles and types throughout the contextual periods. The concentration of the variety of resources of the historical plat clearly stands out in this now large city (much of the current geographic city boundary of Sandy is a result of post-1960 annexation of surrounding land). The historic district is a contributing resource to the city of Sandy. There was little settlement or civic activity in the Sandy area before the opening of the mines in the Little Cottonwood and Bingham Canyons in the late 1860s. Railroad access providing transportation for ore from the mines to smelters and sampling mills was a key to the growth of Sandy in this time period. In 1871 the Utah Southern Railroad was extended to Sandy providing a direct rail link to Salt Lake City. Due to its central location, a railroad station with rail connections to the mines of Bingham Canyon on the west and the mines of Little Cottonwood Canyon on the east was dedicated in 1873. At that time in a survey of the 160-acre Sandy town site, the town had 60 buildings with a population of 250. The success of the mines in the 1870s and the allied operations of smelting and sampling provided industrial jobs for many in Sandy. A service economy grew up to supply the mines as well as providing housing and entertainment for the workers. There were three major smelters and three sampling mills established in Sandy in the 1870s and 1880s, making it a regional center for dealing with ore from the mines in the surrounding canyons. The Flagstaff smelter (440 E. 8680 South, demolished) and the Mingo (or Mountain Chief) opened in 1873 (demolished) and the adjoining Saturn in 1872 (demolished). Hans N. Bjork came to Sandy from Sweden with his two brothers and found a job in the Mingo Smelter. The Pioneer Sampling Mill (demolished) was located at approximately 8580-8680 South 150 East and built in 1874. One of its early managers, Arthur J. Gushing, moved to Sandy in 1880 with his wife, Ellen Major. By 1880 the population of Sandy was 488, almost doubling from the 1873 figures but presumably less than the boom in the mid-1870s. By 1900 it had increased to 1,632. Unlike other communities in Utah at the time that were predominantly Mormon, the population of Sandy included people of other, non-LDS religions. A frame Classical style Congregational Church (8831 South 220 East) was built c.1895 (demolished). The Mormons in Sandy tended to be connected with small family farms and businesses. The non-Mormons (or gentiles as they were known locally) were drawn to Sandy to work with aspects of the mining industry. The first community school was established in 1881 and the first LDS ward in 1882. By the 1890s the mines were beginning to fail and the end of that era changed the character and population of Sandy. The Mingo smelter closed in 1890 and its equipment was sold to the Germania smelter in Murray, two miles to the north. The period ended with the moving of the Bingham Canyon smelting operations to Garfield, near the Great Salt Lake, in 1906. Many of the non-Mormon population of miners and smelter workers left with the decline in the mining industry. As an example of the change in the composition of the town, by 1900 there were only four saloons left of the earlier seventeen establishments. As the mining and smelting operations failed or moved to other towns, small farms sustained Sandy. The Sandy economy diversified from its previous mining economy to that of agriculture and small businesses. The total population of Sandy changed very little between the censuses of 1900 and 1950, growing only from 1,632 to 2,095. During the 1950s the population swelled, bringing the total to 3,322 in 1960. Sugar beet and poultry production grew as well as the businesses that supported them. Local businesses turned to construction with brick, rather than frame, and a number of examples of the early brick commercial buildings are still extant. The Bateman Agriculture & Development Company built a brick early twentieth century commercial one-part block in 1910 at 198 East 8760 South (NR 8/8/96) to house its specialty store, on the site of the former Scott and Anderson Sampling Mill. Iconic photos of the store show George Bateman, paralyzed in a coal wagon accident in 1911, in his wheelchair outside the store. He was the son of the founder and managed the business, living with his family behind the store, until his death in 1938. Many residents combined agriculture and commerce, initially living on agricultural land and later moving to town. William W. Wilson, mayor of Sandy from 1912 to 1922, moved to Sandy in 1877 and had farm land to the east. He and his Swedish wife, Anna Outland, built their frame (now stucco) house in 1907 at 145 E. 8680 South. He served as vice-president and later president of the Sandy City Bank that was built the same year at the corner at 212 E. Main Street (NR 7/9/1997). The bank served businesses across the south end of the valley and showed the role of Sandy as a business center. In 1927 Wilson, after the death of Anna, built a striated brick Prairie School Bungalow for his second wife, Christine, down the street at 113. E. 8680 South. The mining industry continued to influence the population of Sandy, though providing jobs in smelters outside of Sandy for Sandy natives, rather than attracting immigrant workers. George Hansen was born here and worked as a smelter man and runner. He purchased the modest 1903 frame half-crossing at 93 East 8880 South in 1910 and lived there with his wife, Dora Goff, and family until 1919 when he sold to another smelter man, Rowland Hard castle, also a native of Sandy. Florence Marriott Radon was born in Sandy in 1882 and married Lafayette Radon who worked in the grocery and confectionery business as well as a watchman for the U.S. Smelting & Refining Company. Civic improvements helped create a community feeling for the city. The first Salt Lake City streetcar line was extended from Murray to Sandy in 1907, giving quick access to the capital city. The streetcar track came south along State Street and traveled east along Main Street. Lighting of public spaces grew as in 1913 Utah Power and Light installed over 100 streetlights. The Sandy City Post Office was brick one-part-block at 123 East Main Street built c.1914. Typical of early twentieth century commercial one-part blocks, it has a stepped parapet visible on the side walls and recessed sign panels on the facade. Sandy Utah ATV Injury Attorney Free ConsultationWhen you need legal help due to an ATV injury in Sandy Utah, please call Ascent Law LLC for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.
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Salt Lake City Family Law Firm Are Death Records Public Record? What Is The Fastest Way To Get Out Of Debt? via Michael Anderson https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/atv-accident-lawyer-sandy-utah/ In the event that your circumstance is desperate, and your salary isn’t even enough to cover the nuts and bolts, you can request that the court forgo the $335 charge for documenting Chapter 7 in Utah. To not be shocked if the court denies your application for an expense waiver, first ensure that your family unit salary is under 150% of the government destitution rules, as that is a flat out prerequisite to acquire a charge waiver for your Utah bankruptcy. The initial step of the procedure is to gather the records you should finish the structures and experience the procedure. 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Seeking financial protection in Utah forces exacting exposure prerequisites on everybody, so ensure your data is finished before marking this progression off your rundown. Despite the fact that this is bankruptcy court and everybody petitioning for financial protection in Utah is doing as such in light of the fact that they don’t have enough cash to meet their commitments every month, recording a Chapter 7 bankruptcy in Utah incurs a court documenting expense of $335. On the off chance that you are not qualified for a full charge waiver (see above) yet are experiencing serious difficulties pooling this a lot of cash together at the same time, you can request that the court pay the expense in portions, with your first installment of $100 due at the time you document your desk work, or inside 14 days from that point. This is particularly useful if the reason that you are unfit to gather the full charge in advance is a progressing wage garnishment. When your Utah bankruptcy is documented, the garnishment needs to stop, and you will begin getting your full check once more. On the off chance that that isn’t the situation, at that point be cautious with looking for an installment plan, as a solitary missed installment can get your case tossed out. All things considered, and expecting there is no due date to record your case (to stop a dispossession or keep a pay garnishment from beginning), it’s smarter to take the time – regardless of whether it takes the full 4 months the court would give you – to gather the full charge before you head to the town hall to seek financial protection in Utah. The bankruptcy shapes, once refreshed with the majority of your data, must be documented with the court in paper, as just legal advisors can record Utah bankruptcy cases electronically. In the event that you don’t approach a printer at home, you can locate a neighborhood print shop, or possibly ask a confided in companion or relative with a printer on the off chance that you may utilize theirs. Since every one of the records vital for a Chapter 7 bankruptcy in Utah can surpass 50 pages, it’s most likely best on the off chance that you accompany your own paper on the off chance that you do that, particularly since you are going to need to print out two full duplicates. It is prescribed to print out two duplicates, one for documenting with the court, and one for your very own records, so you know precisely what archives you gave to the court when recording Chapter 7 in Utah. Try not to print the duplicate for the court twofold sided; the agent’s office won’t acknowledge that. Despite the fact that court is led in both, Salt Lake City and St. George, you can just document the structures for your Chapter 7 bankruptcy in Utah at the Salt Lake City area. You can likewise mail the majority of your desk work to the court if heading out to Salt Lake City is a lot of a weight. In any case, remember that if there is an issue with any of your structures, the real documenting date for your Utah bankruptcy (and with it the beginning of the programmed stay securities) might be later than anticipated. On the off chance that you are setting off to the court face to face to record Chapter 7 in Utah, plan on arriving certainly before 4 o’clock as the agent’s office prevents tolerating administrative work from individuals simply beginning the procedure of at 4 PM. Before you head to the town hall, ensure you have your image ID as that is important to enter the structure, and be set up to go through town hall security on your way in. After your Chapter 7 bankruptcy in Utah is documented with the court, a case trustee will be appointed to deal with your case. The trustee’s main responsibility is to ensure that the majority of your advantages are appropriately revealed, and any non-absolved property is sold to serve your leasers. No later than 14 days subsequent to documenting Chapter 7 in Utah, you need to give the trustee a duplicate of all check stubs you have gotten in the 60 days before your case was recorded. On the off chance that you don’t have the majority of the check stubs, ensure you present this presentation rather, so the trustee realizes you are not deliberately overlooking this necessity. Furthermore, you need to give the trustee a total duplicate of your government personal expense form for the latest duty year no under 7 days before the date set for your 341 gathering. You will discover the name and contact data for your trustee from an official court see you will get soon after seeking financial protection in Utah. The motivation behind the main credit directing course was to guarantee that people petitioning for financial protection in Utah recognized what their choices were before their case was recorded with the court. The second bankruptcy course must be taken after your Utah bankruptcy has been documented. It expects to teach you about money related administration apparatuses that can enable you to exploit the new beginning you are getting by documenting Chapter 7 in Utah. You can take the course from a similar supplier that you utilized for the principal credit directing course, however just on the off chance that they are in truth affirmed to offer the second course for people in a Chapter 7 bankruptcy in Utah. When you have fulfilled this necessity, record this declaration with the court to tell the judge that you have finished the course. Since your release won’t be entered without it, it’s significant not to neglect to take bankruptcy course 2 in the wake of petitioning for financial protection in Utah. Your loan bosses’ gathering, or 341 gathering, the same number of people call it dependent on the segment of the bankruptcy code that administers it, will happen around 20 – 40 days after your Utah bankruptcy case has been recorded. Contingent upon where you live, you may not need to head out back to Salt Lake City for this gathering, as there are a number or meeting areas for people seeking financial protection in Utah. The notice that has the contact data for your case trustee will let you know precisely where to go and the court’s site gives headings to the different areas. The gathering itself normally just takes around 5 – 10 minutes and is generally included responding to the trustee’s standard inquiries that everybody recording Chapter 7 in Utah needs to reply. You will be sworn to tell the truth while responding to the trustee’s inquiries and your banks can exploit this, and the way that an official record is being made during the gathering, and ask you inquiries about your budgetary circumstance too. This does not occur frequently, yet it can. When you leave your 341 gathering, you will feel that it wasn’t too awful; the vast majority do. Before you head in, quiet your nerves by getting ready only a tad and recollect that as long as you appear with an adequate type of distinguishing proof, the significant and typically most upsetting part is as of now finished. When you document for Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 bankruptcy, you should finish a bankruptcy request, various timetables containing point by point data about your accounts, and a few different structures, including an extensive structure known as the “signifies test” (for Chapter 7) and a comparable structure for Chapter 13. There is this test ensures that individuals are not mishandling the Utah bankruptcy laws by recording Chapter 7 in Utah despite the fact that they do be able to pay probably a portion of their obligations. The Utah means test for bankruptcy first contrasts your pay and the middle family unit pay for a family unit of your size in Utah. On the off chance that you are beneath this salary limit, you breeze through the methods test and can push ahead with a Chapter 7 bankruptcy in Utah. In the event that you make more than that, the second piece of methods test count may by the by enable you to fit the bill for Chapter 7 help, in the event that it demonstrates that you don’t be able to pay your leasers. Utah Median Income Standards for Means Test for Cases Filed On or After May 1, 2019: Free Consultation with Bankruptcy LawyerIf you have a bankruptcy question, or need to file a bankruptcy case, call Ascent Law now at (801) 676-5506. Attorneys in our office have filed over a thousand cases. We can help you now. Come in or call in for your free initial consultation.
Ascent Law LLC
8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506
Ascent Law LLC
4.9 stars – based on 67 reviews
The Attorney’s Role In Commercial Transactions State Of Utah Grandparents Rights How Far Back Can Child Support Go? via Michael Anderson https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/is-it-hard-to-file-chapter-7-in-utah/ Public records are any information or documents that are made by a government agency or officer and are required by law to be kept and maintained. They are also any records that are filed with a government agency or office. Most public records are available to anyone that requests them but some have eligibility requirements or are confidential. There are many types of public records that are available for free at the federal, state, county and city level. Some examples of free public records are census data, property information, tax liens and judgments, criminal records, bankruptcies and court records. Even though these types of records are free they can often be difficult to find as they are typically available at a local government agency. There are many private companies and websites that aggregate public records from a wide variety of sources and charge a fee to provide access to all of them from one search. These types of documents can be extremely helpful when researching your family tree and history, as tracking down past family members and their spouses would be a real challenge without them. Birth, death, marriage and divorce records are typically managed and made available at the local county clerk’s office where the event took place. States will also often have a department of health that can provide access to older vital records. In addition to physical locations, many states are putting or have put their databases online for ease of access. Death records are included with birth records under the category of “vital records.” These records are created by local authorities throughout the States and may also be created overseas by the military. There are many reasons why you may need a death record. For example, you may be an executor of an estate. You may be a surviving spouse who needs a death record to gain access to your spouse’s real estate assets. Regardless of the reason, there are many ways to gain access to a death record. Vital records have been kept by most states since the early 1900s. However, some states have had death records as early as the 1600s. It is now required by federal law for all states to keep death records, but what must be included in a death record can vary. In the 21st century, certain forms of death records have become much more accessible than others. Types Of Death RecordsThere are two types of death records: official death certificates and death indexes. The official death certificate is issued at the time of one’s death and includes vital information about the deceased. This includes the: Full name, Cause of death and Time of death. The information included in these records can be more sensitive, so they are sometimes restricted by the state. The restriction expires within 50 to 100 years, depending on the state. To obtain an official death certificate, begin by contacting the state in which the individual resided. The state may refer you to a local agency or may have possession of the certificate. Obtaining Death Records OnlineDepending on the state in which the death certificate was issued, it may be possible to obtain a death certificate online. State agencies sometimes maintain their death records online and there are also various websites which aggregate death records online. While these websites are convenient, the death records are not official. If you need an official death certificate then it is best to contact the county in which the death took place and/or the place in which the person who died had lived. Marriage licenses, birth certificates, warrants/arrests, court cases, and obituaries are just a few of the records available to the public. Many government agencies are now digitizing these records and making them publicly available online. There are many reasons to search for public records. Whether you’re trying to compile a family genealogy, prepare for an employment background check on your own arrest record, or are just curious about someone in your family, there are many free resources online that can help you easily locate public records. • Find birth records: Birth records are one of the most commonly searched for vital records. Most online vital records websites do not let you view the actual birth certificate. However, many free sites will allow you to at least see the person’s name, date of birth, and their county or city of birth. • Acquire a Death Certificate: There are many ways to find death records online. Some genealogy websites list death records with their birth record information. But the most accurate way to get official information is to search for your local secretary of state’s website. If you’re looking for a relative, be sure to know the person’s full name. It may be helpful to know the individual’s date of birth as well. If you don’t know the exact year of death, you may at least need to know the range of the individual’s year of death. This can help narrow your search, and ensure that you get accurate results. To conduct a search, all you need to do is type in an individual’s name and a range of years within which you think they died. If a record matches your search, you can click on it and you will be given a reference number, the name, the date of death, the county of death, and the gender of the individual. • Find Marriage Records and divorce records: Much like birth and death records, you will not be able to find the actual marriage or divorce licenses online. However, you can search online for records of marriages and divorces, which are generally maintained at either the state or county level. Many states manage marriage and divorce records online through the Department of Health. In the State of Utah, for example, the Department of Health oversees the Office of Vital Statistics. This office maintains an index of marriages and divorces, but for actual copies of a marriage license or a divorce decree you would need to contact the county probate court or the county clerk of courts, respectively. • Records remain confidential for 72 years from the date of the census. For example, records from the 1950 Census will be available to the public in 2022. Once records become public, they are transferred from the Census Bureau to the National Archives. Therefore, if you want to search public census records, you will usually do it through the National Archives website. Obtaining ObituariesIn addition to finding a death record, there are many websites that aggregate obituaries. Obituaries should not be treated as official death records because it is possible to submit an obituary that contains information that is not factual. A death certificate is considered a much more official record of an individual’s death. When someone dies, the death must be registered with the local or state vital records office within a matter of days. The vital records office can then issue copies of the death certificate, which you may want or your personal records or to handle a deceased person’s affairs. The funeral home, cremation organization, or other person in charge of the deceased person’s remains will prepare and file the death certificate. Preparing the certificate involves gathering personal information from family members and obtaining the signature of a doctor, medical examiner, or coroner. The process must be completed quickly within three to ten days, depending on state law. A death certificate contains important information about the person who has died. Details vary from state to state, but often include: • full name In many states, you can get either informational or “certified” copies of a death certificate. Informational copies are for personal records and are usually available to anyone who requests them. Certified copies bear an official stamp, and are necessary to carry out many tasks after a death from obtaining a permit for burial or cremation to transferring the deceased person’s property to inheritors. In an increasing number of states, certified copies are available only to members of the deceased person’s immediate family, the executor of the estate, or someone who can prove that they have a direct financial interest in the estate. The simplest way to get certified copies of a death certificate is to order them through the funeral home or mortuary at the time of the death. If you are in charge of winding up the deceased person’s affairs, you should ask for at least ten copies. You will need one each time you claim property or benefits that belonged to the deceased person, including life insurance proceeds, Social Security benefits, payable on death accounts, veterans benefits, and many others. If the time of death has passed and you need to order death certificates yourself, contact the county or state vital records office. For deaths that occurred within the past few months, you should start with the county office, because it is more likely to have the certificate on file. After a few months have passed, the state office will probably have it, too. You will have to pay for each copy of the death certificate. The cost depends on your state. If you order additional copies at the same time, they will probably be less expensive. If you’re serving as the executor of the deceased person’s estate and you pay for the death certificates yourself, you can later reimburse yourself from the estate. Although public records are records of public business, they are not necessarily available without restriction, although Freedom of Information legislation (FOI) that has been gradually introduced in many jurisdictions since the 1960s has made access easier. Each government has policies and regulations that govern the availability of information contained in public records. A common restriction is that data about a person is not normally available to others; for example, the Public Records Act (PRA) states that “except for certain explicit exceptions, personal information maintained about an individual may not be disclosed without the person’s consent”. In some state, Cabinet papers were subject to the thirty-year rule: until the introduction of FOI legislation, Cabinet papers were not available for thirty years; some information could be withheld for longer. As of 2011 the rule still applies to some information, such as minutes of Cabinet meetings. Some companies provide access, for a fee, to many public records available on the Internet. Many of them specialize in particular types of information, while some offer access to different types of record, typically to professionals in various fields. Some companies sell software with a promise of unlimited access to public records, but may provide nothing more than basic information on how to access already available and generally free public websites. If you are like most people, you might not have been aware that public records even exist. However, if you are working on legal matters, genealogy research, government policy, or getting a copy of a marriage certificate you might find yourself looking for public records. In fact, virtually everyone will end up looking for them at some point in their life. There are a wide variety of documents and information that can be unearthed through public records requests. While the methods for retrieving documents from the government differ for the various agencies, there are some common traits that apply to all public records. Imagine, if you will, that you lived in a dystopian state where all government action is kept secret. You have no way to know what the government has been doing and how its activities may positively or negatively affect your life. As the old cliché goes, knowledge is power. A government that keeps all the information locked up tight exerts a high degree of power over its citizens. The importance of public records really can’t be overstated because it helps ensure transparency and accountability in government. Records can be in tangible forms, such as paper, photographs, and maps, or stored on electronic media, such as CDs, DVDs, and computer databases. How the information is stored doesn’t really matter, it’s the nature of the information that determines whether it’s a public record. Obtain Death CertificateA Death Certificate is a document issued by the Government to the nearest relatives of the deceased, stating the date, fact and cause of death. It is essential to register death to prove the time and date of death, to establish the fact of death for relieving the individual from social, legal and official obligations, to enable settlement of property inheritance, and to authorize the family to collect insurance and other benefits. A death can be reported and registered by the head of the family, in case it occurs in a house; by the medical in charge if it occurs in a hospital; by the jail in-charge if it occurs in a jail; and by the headman of the village or the in-charge of the local police station in case the body is found deserted in that area. To apply for a Death Certificate, you must first register the death. The death has to be registered with the concerned local authorities within 21 days of its occurrence, by filling up the form prescribed by the Registrar. Death Certificate is then issued after proper verification. If a death is not registered within 21 days of its occurrence, permission from the Registrar/Area Magistrate, along with the fee prescribed in case of late registration, is required. The application form in which you are required to apply is usually available with the area’s local body authorities, or with the Registrar who maintains the Register of Deaths. You might also need to submit proof of birth of the deceased, an affidavit specifying the date and time of death, a copy of the ration card, and the required fee in the form of court fee stamps. Estate and Probate Lawyer Free ConsultationWhen you need legal help with Estate and Probate Law in Utah, please call Ascent Law for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.
Ascent Law LLC
8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506
Ascent Law LLC
4.9 stars – based on 67 reviews
Utah Divorce Lawyer On Divorce In Utah Call A West Jordan Car Accident Lawyer via Michael Anderson https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/are-death-records-public-record/ We are a family law and divorce firm unlike any other. We stay focused on two things: our clients’ well-being and delivering the best results possible, no matter the opposition or circumstances. We are proud to say that our devotion, skill, and experience have made us the go-to name in family law advocacy for people all across the state of Utah. Hundreds of favorable resolutions have been reached with the help of our skilled attorneys. We serve to restore peace in the lives of our clients. Delivering the most effective, cost-efficient legal remedies becomes our priority when you put us on your side. Some cases can even be handled with our competitively-priced flat-fee rates. With previous experience advocating for children in high-conflict divorce and custody cases, our team handles family law matters with the intention of seamlessly guiding our clients through the process as peacefully as possible. Knowledgeable Salt Lake City Child Custody LawyerJust like you, our Salt Lake City family law firm places your children at the forefront of our case, so both parents can prioritize their well being over their other divorce details. When it comes to kids, we take a big-picture approach to delivering solutions that will fit their current and future needs, so they do not have to undergo the stress of child custody matters over and over. Our Salt Lake City family law lawyer will draft a unique parenting plan that provides the support and guidance your children need to lead full lives by communicating and negotiating the details of: Compassionate Salt Lake City Adoption AttorneyAdoption proceedings require a specialized approach to producing legal results. Our Salt Lake City family law lawyer provides comprehensive representation for individuals and couples alike who are seeking to change the life of a child by becoming their forever parents. We know that adoption comes in many forms, which is why we provide legal guidance between birth parents, adoption agencies, and adoptive parents in: Family law is a legal practice area that focuses on issues involving family relationships, such as adoption, divorce, and child custody, among others. Attorneys practicing family law can represent clients in family court proceedings or in related negotiations and can also draft important legal documents such as court petitions or property agreements. Some family law attorneys even specialize in adoption, paternity, emancipation, or other matters not usually related to divorce. States have the right to determine “reasonable formal requirements” for marriage, including age and legal capacity, as well as the rules and procedures for divorce and other family law matters. Prior to the Supreme Court ruling legalizing same-sex marriage, some states restricted marriage (and divorce) to opposite-sex couples only. The following is a primer on family law and what it entails. Helpful Terms to Know• Emancipation: A court process through which a minor becomes self-supporting, assumes adult responsibility for his or her welfare, and is no longer under the care of his or her parents. • Marital Property: Property acquired by either spouse during the course of a marriage that is subject to division upon divorce. • Alimony: An allowance made to one spouse by the other for support during or after a legal separation or divorce. • Paternity: Origin or descent from a father (to establish paternity is to confirm the identity of a child’s biological father). • Prenuptial Agreement: An agreement made between a man and a woman before marrying in which they give up future rights to each other’s property in the event of a divorce or death. Reasons to Hire a Family Law AttorneyMost family lawyers represent clients in divorce proceedings and other matters related to divorce. But family law is a relatively broad practice area, including such issues as foster care and reproductive rights. Since family law matters hit so close to home, having a trusted legal professional by your side can help you ensure your loved ones are properly represented and protected during any legal process. • Adoption / Foster Care: Adoption is a complex process that differs according to the type of adoption, where the child is from, variances in state laws, and other factors. Therefore, it’s important to consult with a family law attorney. Foster parents sometimes adopt their foster children, but the foster process does not necessarily require legal representation. Many financial aspects of family law are highly complex. Family attorneys must have proficiency in other areas of law that impact these financial issues and a roster of outside experts to assist them when necessary. Knowledge of tax law as it pertains to alimony, support, asset allocation, filing status, and a dependency exemption is essential. Familiarity with accounting principles, financial statements and balance sheets, retirement plans, asset (including business) valuation, health insurance following divorce, the effect of bankruptcy, wills and trusts and real estate also is important. The psychological aspects of family law are also highly complex. Dealing with families in conflict, often emotional and highly charged, requires special sensitivity and a broad array of skills. A good family lawyer must have, in addition to substantive knowledge, the ability to listen, to counsel, to investigate, to negotiate, to plan, to draft, to defuse conflict, to advocate and, when necessary, to litigate. Recognizing that out-of-court settlements are vastly preferable for their clients, and with the growing burden on court dockets, an increasing number of practitioners are using (and becoming trained in) alternative dispute resolution, including mediation, arbitration, and private judging. A family group has a certain internal structure as well as relationships between itself and third parties. Family groups in some societies have tended to be complex, as, for example, the Roman paterfamilias group, the Chinese upper-class family, the Indian joint family, the samurai family in Japan, and many customary family structures in Africa. The family may be a part of a larger group such as the tribe or clan. At present the dominant form of the family group consists of two spouses and the children they have produced or adopted. The law, therefore, is concerned mainly with the rights of the couple and their children and the duties of the couple to the children and to each other. In a strictly monogamous society, for example, the law will forbid a person to be married to more than one other person at the same time, while in other societies it will regulate the number of wives a man may simultaneously have (as Islamic law does). Traditionally, family law has not concerned itself much with unions that are not commenced by legal marriage, though some systems of law have permitted the recognition of a “natural” child by a father for purposes such as inheritance and support. More recently, the family law of several European countries and of some jurisdictions in the United States was amended to recognize civil unions or domestic partnerships, which created many of the legal incidents of marriage for same-sex couples. Legal consequences of marriageTwo persons might produce the economic incidents of marriage by executing appropriate contracts or settlements. In some legal systems, a contract in conventional form is the core of the constitution of marriage. The contract may be complex, with a variety of clauses, as in Islamic law. In most countries today, however, the legal documentation of a marriage is mainly a registration of the event. Basically, then, marriage in the legal sense is the implied creation of certain rights or obligations such as maintenance, marital property and succession rights, and the custody of minor children. In modern systems, the parties to a marriage can usually create the economic incidents of the marriage by a separate agreement. In some early legal systems and in present systems in which customary family law pertains, there is little choice as to the economic incidents of marriage because these are fixed by custom. In legal systems that allow substantial scope for personal independence, the spouses can take up a position of their own as to the economic basis of their family group by means of a marriage contract or a will. One feature that distinguishes marriage from a simple contract is that, in many countries, the parties cannot release themselves by mutual agreement. But some legislation in North America and western Europe comes close to permitting this; the grounds of divorce have been so widened that the marriage can be terminated, for example, after a period of separation. Family Law Firm Free ConsultationWhen you need legal help for your family law matter in Salt Lake City Utah, please call Ascent Law LLC for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.
Ascent Law LLC
8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506
Ascent Law LLC
4.9 stars – based on 67 reviews
Divorce And Medical Practice Owners In Utah Salt Lake City Lawyer Talks About Innocent Shooting Contempt Of Court In Utah Custody Parenting And Visitation Cases via Michael Anderson https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/salt-lake-city-family-law-firm/ As Utah’s sixth oldest city, Lehi is rich in pioneer and old west history. Originally settled by Mormon pioneers, the City has been known as Sulphur Springs, Snow’s springs, Dry Creek, and Evansville. It was incorporated as Lehi City in 1852. The Overland Stagecoach Route, the Pony Express Trail, and the Transcontinental Telegraph all passed through or near Lehi during the peak of their use. Today, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, Lehi is the fifth fastest-growing city in the country. The City has more than doubled in size since 2000, with population estimates approaching 60,000 residents. Lehi is quickly becoming a premier technology and commercial center along the Wasatch Front. Several landmark companies call Lehi home, including Adobe, I.M. Flash, Xactware, Microsoft, Vivint, Oracle, and Xango. Lehi is also home to a wide variety of retail stores and restaurants. Thanksgiving Point, a unique destination offering museums, botanical gardens, shopping, restaurants, and other entertainment options highlights all that Lehi has to offer. Lehi is a beautiful place to live and work. Utah Lake is located just to the south, with the picturesque Jordan River running through the City. Lehi is surrounded by the Wasatch Mountains on the East and the White Mountains and Oquirrh Mountains on the West. Lehi’s beautiful natural surroundings provide easy access to hiking, mountain biking, fishing, camping, skiing, hunting, and many other outdoor activities. The City provides a full range of services, including police and fire protection, construction and maintenance of roads, parks, commercial and residential building inspection, recreational opportunities (including a recreation center, indoor pool, and outdoor pool), and many cultural events. The City also owns and operates a culinary water system, a secondary water system, a wastewater system, a storm water system, an electrical distribution system, solid waste collection, and an emergency medical service. Lehi is the third-largest city by population in Utah County. According to the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2016 population estimates, Lehi is home to 61,130 residents. That makes Lehi the third-largest city in Utah County, next to Provo and Orem. Lehi has seen a 28 percent population growth since 2010. In 2010, Lehi’s population was 47,407, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. That gives the city a 28 percent population increase since 2010. The city is fifth-fastest growing in Utah County next to Vineyard, Saratoga Springs, Elk Ridge and Eagle Mountain. Lehi is the third-largest city in Utah County by land size. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Lehi is 26.34 square miles in size, making the city the third-largest in Utah County next to Eagle Mountain and Provo. The average age of Lehi residents is 24.7, making it one of the younger populations in Utah County. Fifteen cities in the county have an older average age, and only seven have younger populations. According to U.S. Census Bureau figures, 15.8 percent of Lehi residents are under the age of 5 and 43.3 percent of the city’s residents are under the age of 18. According to Lehi City, after being settled by Mormon pioneers, the area was known at different times as Sulphur Springs, Snow’s Springs, Dry Creek and Evansville. Lehi was incorporated as Lehi City on Feb. 5, 1852. It was the second city incorporated in Utah County, nearly 3 years after Provo, which was incorporated on April 1, 1849. According to Lehi City, the city was the sixth city incorporated statewide. According to the Utah Division of State History, the Lehi factory of the Utah Sugar Company was the first beet sugar factory in the Mountain West. The land for the factory was given to the Utah Sugar Company by the town of Lehi, and in 1889, the company moved ahead with plans to build the factory. It remained in production until 1924, and the dismantling of the factory lasted until 1939, according to the Utah Division of State History. In its more than 166 years, Lehi has been home to some well-known people. Garrett Bolles, who graduated from Westlake High School, was drafted as the 20th overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. He has played as an offensive tackle for the Denver Broncos for one season. He grew up in Lehi. Actor Wilford Brimley is well known for his films including “The China Syndrome,” “The Thing,” “Tender Mercies,” “The Natural,” “Cocoon,” and “In & Out.” Brimley lived for several years in Lehi. Lehi is home to 28 city parks that feature many fun amenities including sports facilities, playgrounds, pavilions, paved walking trails, a splash pad, a skate park, an outdoor stage and plenty of open space. Lehi, Utah’s estimated population is 66,037 according to the most recent United States census estimates. Lehi, Utah is the 11th largest city in Utah based on official 2017 estimates from the US Census Bureau. The population density is 2381.07 people/mi² (919.33 people/km²). The overall median age is 25.1 years, 24 years for males, and 26.2 years for females. For every 100 females there are 103.1 males. The economy of Lehi, UT employs 24k people. The largest industries in Lehi, UT are Retail Trade (2,844 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (2,764 people), and Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services (2,712 people), and the highest paying industries are Management of Companies & Enterprises ($111,364), Utilities ($79,327), and Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($77,656). Median household income in Lehi, UT is $85,794. Males in Lehi, UT have an average income that is 1.53 times higher than the average income of females, which is $41,859. Research shows that fast speeds, lack of helmet use and multiple riders piling into the same vehicle are among the top reasons why thousands of American children are injured in ATV crashes annually, according to new research. The epidemic of ATV-related injuries can be attributed, at least in part, to these vehicles’ increasing popularity. An ATV is an inherently stable automobile with a large chassis and a high center of gravity. These vehicles can go 80 miles an hour on a flat surface, but there is no harness, seat belt or cab for protection Add to that lack of consistent state regulations about the age limit of the drivers, seat belt and helmet safety regulations; it becomes a recipe for disaster on wheels. Parents need to know that ATVs are not toys, but motor vehicles which can weigh more than 500 pounds. Unlike motor vehicles, they lack safety features such as airbags. If you wouldn’t let your 10-year-old drive a car, then why would you let them operate an ATV? The regulations surrounding children driving ATVs are very inconsistent across the US. It ranges from no regulations at all, to regulations as strict as those which govern regular automobile use. In most states you can’t legally get a driver’s license until you’re at least 16 or 17 years old, for reasons related to maturity about driving. If you’re younger than that, you probably lack the physical and intellectual maturity to safely operate an automobile. The AAP does not recommend ATV use by children under age 16. According to a study published in Pediatrics in July 2013, although many states have regulations governing children’s use of ATVs, their effectiveness in reducing injuries is unclear. Broader use of known effective safety measures, including prohibiting children aged ≤15 years from riding adult-sized ATVs, always wearing a helmet while riding, not riding on paved roads, and not riding as or carrying a passenger, could additionally reduce ATV-related injuries among children. A study published in the July/August 2012 issue of The Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics concluded that ATV-related spine injuries in children and adolescents are high-energy injuries with a high rate of associated spine and non-spine injuries. ATV-related spine injuries are different from other ATV-related injuries in children in that they are more common in older children and females. Musculoskeletal injuries are the most common ATV-related injuries in children. The AAP advises parents who allow their child to ride an ATV to follow these safety measures: • Make sure your child wears a motorcycle (not bicycle)-style helmet that fits snugly. • Look for DOT or Snell ratings on the box. Never purchase a helmet that is too big for your child so he or she can “grow into it.” • Suit up your child with padded, reflective clothing and protective eyewear. • Do not allow children to ride on the street or between dusk and dawn. • Allow only one rider on the ATV at a time. • Always supervise children on ATVs. • If you are buying an ATV, choose one with a seat belt, roll-bar, engine covers and a speed-limiting device. Lehi regulations about ATVs are: • Minimum Age Requirement: To ride an ATV unsupervised, the operator must be at least 16 years old unless riding on land owned by the operator’s parent or legal guardian. • Helmet and/or Eye Protection Requirement: Riders under age 18 are required to wear an approved helmet. • Passenger Prohibitions: ATV operators may carry a passenger only if the vehicle is designed to carry more than one occupant, unless the vehicle is being used for an excepted activity such as agriculture. ATVs are allowed street access in Utah. ATVs that are considered Type I or Utility Type Vehicle may be registered and inspected for use as a street legal ATV. The ATV must be 52 inches or less in width and have a weight of 1,500 pounds or less. For street legal ATVs, the driver must have insurance. The reliable Lehi personal injury attorneys have a plethora of experience in handling several personal injury cases where you individuals sustain injuries as a result of the actions of negligent parties. These include pedestrian accidents, bicycle accidents, car accidents, motorcycle accidents, dog bites or animal attacks, construction accidents, premise liability cases and incidences of wrongful death among others. In all these cases, more especially ATV cases. However, the personal injury attorneys in Lehi will not hesitate to head to court where the negligent party’s insurance company fails to cooperate effectively. With the Utah personal injury lawyers you can be sure that justice is treading your way because they have recovered millions of dollars in lawsuits with the negligent parties and their insurance companies. Through them, you will be awarded the legal redress you deserve. You will be compensated for property damages, the medical costs you’ve already incurred, any ensuing future medical costs, loss of income and other additional costs as a result of the pain and suffering you’ve undergone. On average, your ATV insurance can cost anywhere from a few hundred dollars to over a thousand dollars per year. The cost for ATV insurance varies per owner depending on a number of factors, including: Lehi Personal Injury AttorneysThe reliable Lehi personal injury attorneys have a plethora of experience in handling several personal injury cases where you individuals sustain injuries as a result of the actions of negligent parties. These include pedestrian accidents, bicycle accidents, car accidents, motorcycle accidents, dog bites or animal attacks, construction accidents, premise liability cases and incidences of wrongful death among others. In all these cases, more especially auto or car accident cases, Lehi lawyer will try to negotiate for an out-of-court settlement with the negligent party’s insurance company. However, the personal injury attorneys in Lehi will not hesitate to head to court where the negligent party’s insurance company fails to cooperate effectively. With the Utah personal injury lawyers you can be sure that justice is treading your way because they have recovered millions of dollars in lawsuits with the negligent parties and their insurance companies. Through them, you will be awarded the legal redress you deserve. You will be compensated for property damages, the medical costs you’ve already incurred, any ensuing future medical costs, loss of income and other additional costs as a result of the pain and suffering you’ve undergone. Lehi Utah ATV Accident LawyerWhen you’ve been injured in Lehi Utah from an ATV accident, please call Ascent Law LLC for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.
Ascent Law LLC
8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506 via Michael Anderson https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/atv-accident-lawyer-lehi-utah/ Transportation law is the body of law that governs transportation infrastructure and its use. It regulates the way that people travel using any method of transportation including railways, air travel, vehicular travel and even waterways. Much of transportation law comes from the government agencies that make regulations and oversee compliance with the regulations that they create. Transportation law also involves companies and individuals that must understand and follow the regulations. Many legal issues arise on land, air, and water, such as workers’ compensation, criminal offenses, personal injury, or employment issues. However, when they occur on the water or in the air, admiralty or aviation law often applies special legal rules. Let’s look at these two common areas of the law: admiralty and aviation law. USDOT LawAdmiralty law, also called maritime law, is a combination of U.S. and international law that covers all contracts, torts, injuries, or offenses that take place on navigable waters. Admiralty law traditionally focused on oceanic issues, but it has expanded to cover any public body of water, including lakes and rivers. These laws largely cover interactions between two or more ships, the ship captain’s obligations to the crew and passengers, and the rights of crew members, as well as other legal issues. Federal district courts usually hear all admiralty cases, but states may also hear them on occasion. Courts apply special rules and legal principles to admiralty cases. Aviation LawAir travel is expected to double over the next 20 years, according to the FAA. As air traffic increases, so does the risk that passengers will be involved in an aviation accident. Generally, air traffic is considered to be a safe means of transportation, but when accidents do occur they often result in fatalities. Smaller, less serious accidents involving private aircraft are more frequent than people realize, because many of these incidents go unreported in the media. Aviation accident law covers both major air carrier and general aviation accidents. General aviation includes all non-commercial aircraft including small planes, large business jets, charter flights, pleasure crafts, helicopters, and hang gliders. Where does transportation law come from?Most transportation law in the United States is federal. Because transportation impacts interstate commerce, the federal government can regulate transportation under the commerce clause of the U.S. Constitution. Federal transportation law regulates a number of things including any of the following: Federal Transportation AgenciesA lot of federal transportation law comes from Chapter 49 of the United States Code. Chapter 49 establishes several federal agencies that create transportation regulations and oversee transportation in the United States at a federal level. These organizations include: • U.S. Department of Transportation: The U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) lists its purpose as making transportation safe and convenient for everyone. Founded in 1967, USDOT creates regulations, brings enforcement actions and makes recommendations to the states. USDOT also makes public service announcements and gives warnings and recommendations to the public. • Federal Aviation Administration: The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) oversees all aspects of air travel. Their oversight includes airplanes, airports and the logistics of air travel. Their rules and restrictions might be permanent or temporary. • Federal Highway Administration: The Federal Highway Administration ensures safe construction of maintenance of roads, tunnels and bridges in the United States. They focus on safety as well as design that are easy and convenient for users. Their work includes planning for funding as well as innovation in road construction and design. • Federal Railroad Administration: The Federal Railroad Administration has provided oversight for rail travel in the United States since 1966. The agency includes an Office of Civil Rights, Chief Counsel and Administration. Part of the agency focuses on policy and research. • Maritime Administration: The Maritime Administration (MARAD) provides recommendations about commercial maritime travel in the United States. The agency handles international communication and negotiation regarding maritime travel. The organization also supports the Department of Defense. • National Transportation Safety Board: The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigates transportation accidents. The NTSB is an independent agency. The purpose of the independence of the agency is to allow them to conduct unbiased and neutral investigations into the causes of transportation accidents. State Transportation LawMost states have a Department of Motor Vehicles. That’s where most people interact with transportation law. A state’s Department of Motor Vehicles is usually a part of a state’s executive branch. States also make laws that regulate traffic and travel on highways. States require drivers to have a license to drive a vehicle for private use. Most states have a different license for commercial driving and another license for operating a motorcycle. Most states also have laws that prohibit boating while intoxicated. Penalties for a violation of state traffic law might range from a civil fine to points on a driver’s license to criminal penalties. Emerging LawOne emerging area of transportation law is regulations that address the use of drones. Also called unmanned aircraft, drone operators and various units of government are still working on how to regulate drone use in order to promote safety and fair operation of drones. With the use of drones, concerns about privacy have developed. There are questions about when drone operators should need a license, whether they need a license under existing law and how they should be permitted to operate their aircraft. Regulators continue to debate rules regarding restricted airspace as well as privacy issues when drone operators want to operate above private property. Transportation lawyers are part of the rule-making process, and they also help clients comply with existing laws. Non-Compliance With Transportation LawFailing to comply with transportation law may be a civil or criminal offense. In some cases, the offender pays a fine. In other cases, they might face criminal charges. For example, a Valujet employee failed to follow regulations when he loaded flammable oxygen onto a plane. When the plane crashed because of the failure, the employee faced charges of manslaughter and improperly transporting hazardous material. Contesting Criminal Or Civil PenaltiesAlong with civil penalties and criminal charges comes the opportunity to contest those penalties. Companies and individuals who are the subject of allegations of failing to follow federal or state transportation law have the right to notice and the opportunity to be heard about the allegation. Transportation lawyers represent their clients at these hearings. A hearing might be in front of an administrative agency law judge such as the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Office of Hearings, or it might be in a criminal courtroom. Even administrative hearings are formal affairs. When a company has an administrative hearing, their future may be on the line as well as their reputation. Transportation lawyers help their clients carefully prepare for these hearings. If the case is in a federal criminal court, there are other important rules to know and follow. A Definition Of A USDOT NumberA USDOT number is a unique identifier that is given to companies that engage in interstate, and in some cases, intrastate, commerce. It aids in monitoring to streamline safety compliance and is used when conducting official audits, reviews, and accident investigations. The number itself is granted by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA). What Does DOT Certified Mean?DOT certification is a seal of quality that shows a driver has the skills and competence to drive commercial vehicles on America’s roads and highways. Most states require DOT certification to drive commercial motor vehicles — a category that includes semi-trucks, delivery vehicles and public transportation. To have a commercial driver’s license, as opposed to a personal driver’s license, you must become DOT certified. Most fleet drivers require a commercial driver’s license because it serves as proof a job applicant has received DOT certification.To become DOT certified, a driver must undergo a physical exam and a series of safe-driving tests. The U.S. Department of Transportation administers DOT certification. Commercial motor vehicle operators must reapply for DOT certification every two years. How Much Does a DOT Number Cost?While the registration process is free, the FMCSA website will ask you to submit your credit card number to verify your identity. The site will not, however, charge your credit card for filing the form or for the issuance of your USDOT number, so there is no need to worry about using the FMCSA website for FMCSA registration. The FMCSA website uses an applicant’s credit card as his or her digital signature. As such, there is no alternative to the credit-card requirement for online applications. If you do not have a credit card or are uncomfortable with sharing that data online, you will need to fill out a paper application and send the form in the mail to the FMCSA offices. Do I Need a DOT Number?If you plan to operate any type of commercial vehicle in the United States, the first thing to determine is whether you will need a DOT number. While most states do require a DOT number for a vast range of commercial-vehicle operation, some states do not have this requirement, and other exemptions apply. You will need to file a USDOT registration if you intend to perform any of the following activities as the driver of a commercial vehicle: USDOT Number Best Practices to FollowTo ensure that your fleet is operating legally, you must first determine whether or not you need to register with the FMCSA to obtain a USDOT number. It is the responsibility of the motor carrier operator or driver to know their USDOT numbers, so make sure that you equip your employees/contractors with the right registration information before you send them on the road. Screenshot via FMCSAThere are a few ways to determine if you need a USDOT number, but the simplest is to visit the FMCSA’s website. There, you will find an interactive quiz that asks a series of questions about your vehicle(s) and your business. Once completed, the administration will give you an answer as to whether or not you will need to register. If you’d prefer, you can also read the FMCSA’s official guidelines to confirm that you are compliant. You must register your vehicle with the agency and obtain a USDOT number if: • The vehicle transports hazardous materials that require an intrastate commerce safety permit OR Another quick way to determine USDOT number compliance is to take a quick look at the list of states that require the special registration code. Here are the current states that demand that the specified vehicles obtain the number for intrastate commerce: If the state(s) in which you operate is not listed above, it doesn’t mean that you aren’t necessarily off-the-hook when it comes to complying to similar regulations. Always be sure to check with your state’s intrastate commerce regulations before you activate your fleet. What Are the Requirements for a USDOT Number?The process for filing and submitting a USDOT application is relatively easy, but it does require some knowledge about the legal classification of your business. Beyond the basic information, you will also need to gather the following information: USDOT Number ApplicationThe USDOT processes registrations as soon as they receive them. When you fill out the form online, the process takes a matter of days. If you send the application form in the mail, you will generally need to wait between four and six weeks to have the application processed. Unless the USDOT refuses your application, the agency will immediately issue your DOT number once they have completed processing. Note that the department sometimes rejects handwritten applications due to illegibility, incomplete information or the lack of a signature. For the sake of expediency, it is best to use the online form. Third-Party DOT Registration AssistanceA third-party DOT registration service is an entity that offers FMCSA-compliance assistance to trucking businesses. For fleet operations large and small, it can be difficult to stay on top of matters that pertain to registration and legal DOT compliance as required by the FMCSA. A lot of this confusion is because the rules and regulations are complicated and sometimes vaguely worded. The state-to-state differences in DOT requirements can also make matters confusing for trucking operations that do business along interstate routes. A third-party registration service can handle such issues externally so drivers and fleet operators can focus on what they do best. A third-party registration service will know all the nuances of local and federal regulatory laws regarding the FMCSA registration of commercial motor vehicles for all types of uses. With client registration files on hand, a third-party service will also be on top of re-registration deadlines. That allows trucking companies to focus on the management of fleets and the dispatch of drivers. Why You Should Hire a Third-Party Compliance ServiceWhen a trucking business hires a third-party DOT registration service, it spares the carrier the burden of researching FMCSA requirements and marking dates on the calendar for re-registration filings. It also prevents the costly mistake of paying the generally steep fines that face trucking companies and drivers who violate DOT requirements. For B2B fleet operators, the tasks involved with DOT and FMCSA compliance can be confusing, as well as time-consuming. When you hire a third-party registration service to handle DOT compliance filings for your business, the benefits are as follows: • Focus on your business — a third-party service will let you focus on day-to-day operations without the need to question whether your DOT papers are up-to-date. • Avoid penalties — with all requirements fulfilled and all registrations accurate and comprehensive, you won’t risk accidentally violating a DOT or FMCSA policy. Third-party DOT help companies are highly competitive due to popular demand for such services. Consequently, the prices for such services vary from company to company. To ensure that the costs involved with registration compliance do not cut into your bottom line, it is crucial to have a registration company that knows the ins and outs of how the requirements work in your field and jurisdiction. A USDOT number is required for a commercial motor vehicle (49 CFR Part 390.5), which is defined as any self-propelled or towed motor vehicle used on a highway in interstate and/or intrastate commerce: • to transport passengers or property when the vehicle has a gross vehicle weight rating or gross combination weight rating, gross vehicle weight or gross combination weight, of 10,001 pounds or more, whichever is greater; or • to transport more than eight passengers, including the driver, for compensation; or • to transport more than 15 passengers, including the driver, without compensation; or • to transport material found by the Secretary of Transportation to be hazardous under 49 USC 5103 and transported in a quantity requiring placarding under regulations prescribed by the Secretary under 49 CFR, subtitle B, chapter I, subchapter C. The USDOT number serves as a unique identifier when collecting and monitoring a company’s safety information acquired during audits, compliance reviews, crash investigations, and inspections. The following 31 states have laws agreeing to the enforcement of the federal USDOT regulations: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The other states have state-based USDOT regulations (similar to federal OSHA vs. state OSHA regulations). Many think that the USDOT number does not apply here, but lack of enforcement does not equal “not applicable.” It is a federal regulation, and it applies to all subject commercial motor vehicles. Free Initial Consultation with USDOT LawyerWhen you need legal help with transportation law in Utah, please call Ascent Law for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.
Ascent Law LLC
8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506 via Michael Anderson https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/usdot-attorney/ Business entities are organizations formed by one or more persons. Since they are formed at the state level, they must comply with state laws. In most states, a business owner is required to file documents with a particular state agency, like the office of the Secretary of State, in order to legally set up their business. Business entity and legal entity are used interchangeably. A legal entity is distinct from a natural person. A legal entity is recognized by a government. It can enter contracts in its own name. A legal entity can sue and be sued. It can maintain bank accounts and buy insurance. In short, a legal entity can usually conduct all the commercial activity that an individual can. Sole ProprietorshipThis is a business run by one individual for his or her own benefit. It is the simplest form of business organization. Proprietorships have no existence apart from the owners. The liabilities associated with the business are the personal liabilities of the owner, and the business terminates upon the proprietor’s death. The proprietor undertakes the risks of the business to the extent of his/her assets, whether used in the business or personally owned. Single proprietors include professional people, service providers, and retailers who are “in business for themselves.” Although a sole proprietorship is not a separate legal entity from its owner, it is a separate entity for accounting purposes. Financial activities of the business (e.g., receipt of fees) are maintained separately from the person’s personal financial activities (e.g., house payment). Partnerships-General and LimitedA general partnership is an agreement, expressed or implied, between two or more persons who join together to carry on a business venture for profit. Each partner contributes money, property, labor, or skill; each shares in the profits and losses of the business; and each has unlimited personal liability for the debts of the business. Limited partnerships limit the personal liability of individual partners for the debts of the business according to the amount they have invested. Partners must file a certificate of limited partnership with state authorities. Limited Liability Company (LLC)An LLC is a hybrid between a partnership and a corporation. Members of an LLC have operational flexibility and income benefits similar to a partnership but also have limited liability exposure. While this seems very similar to a limited partnership, there are significant legal and statutory differences. Consultation with an attorney to determine the best entity is recommended. CorporationA corporation is a legal entity, operating under state law, whose scope of activity and name are restricted by its charter. Articles of incorporation must be filed with the state to establish a corporation. Stockholders’ are protected from liability and those stockholders who are also employees may be able to take advantage of some tax-free benefits, such as health insurance. There is double taxation with a C corporation, first through taxes on profits and second on taxes on stockholder dividends (as capital gains). Small Business Corporation (S-Corporation)Subchapter S-corporations are special closed corporations (limits exist on the number of members) created to provide small corporations with a tax advantage, if IRS Code requirements are met. Corporate taxes are waived and reported by the owners on their individual federal income tax returns, avoiding the “double taxation” of regular corporations. What Are ‘Disregarded’ Business Entities?Business entities are often subject to taxation, so the business owners must file a tax return for those businesses. Often, the owner of a single-member limited liability company or a sole proprietorship only needs to file a single tax return. In this case, the business entity and the count as one and the same. Also, the IRS “disregards” those business entities because the owner only needs to report their personal income and deductions. When the business owner files their taxes, they will report their business expenses and income on a Schedule C form along with their personal Form 1040. Alternatively, a one-member business could be treated as a separate entity. If the owner of the business chooses to go that route, they will have to fill out a Form 8832 to declare an Entity Classification Election and file the form with the IRS. Unless the owner of the sole proprietorship or single-person LLC files the Form 8832 for their business, that business entity will fall into the default classification of a disregarded entity. How to Choose Business EntitiesOnce you know where you want to register your business, you must choose your type of legal entity. While legal entities are not quite like ordering food off a menu after you choose the restaurant, you do have options. Cost of IncorporationRegistering a legal entity costs money: sometimes a little; sometimes a lot. Costs include the filing fee, renewal fees, professional fees, and franchise taxes. These are direct cost. • Filing fees: Every jurisdiction imposes a filing fee. Fees change frequently. There are often fees for particular kinds of filings. Fees might also vary by type of entity. Review the fees for your jurisdiction and entity type carefully. • Renewal fees: Registering a company is not a onetime event. You must renew the registration to keep it current. Not all registration renewals are annual. Some jurisdictions do not require renewal for several years. Simply do the math to annualize registration fees to compare them from jurisdiction to jurisdiction or entity type to entity type. • Professional fees: There are three types of professionals you may need to pay: lawyer, accountant, and registered agent. Legal fees for incorporation can be modest or breathtaking. Business lawyers should be able to tell you about the costs for incorporation in your jurisdiction before starting any work. Legal fees can rise quickly to cover complexities beyond the registration. Fees for accountants follow a similar pattern. Providing initial tax advice and setting up your accounting might be one cost, but getting help with complex asset transfers, foreign accounts, and the like, can quickly raise the costs. Good legal and accounting advice early in the process is money well spent. Registered agents, sometimes called “local agents”, are people or companies that are empowered to accept legal notices on behalf of the business. The registered agent address is published to the world. While you can often be your own registered agent in your own jurisdiction, you might choose to use a registered agent so that any legal notices do not get mishandled. • Franchise tax: Not all jurisdictions impose a franchise tax, but many do. A franchise tax is basically a tax on the business’ balance sheet. It might be tied to assets or to net worth. The idea is that your registration and renewal fees are determined in part by the assets of the business. If the entity operates an “asset light” business, like consulting, then the franchise tax might be low for a long time. However, for an asset intensive business with equipment, real estate, or large cash balances, the franchise tax will be a material consideration. This is an area where good accounting advice about recording the value of your assets is helpful. Ease of IncorporationIt is not difficult or time consuming to incorporate many entities in jurisdictions that encourage incorporation. The time and effort, however, can vary. Your local lawyer will have the most accurate estimate, but there several factors to consider: total time, number of steps, incorporator requirements, minimum capital required, and the number and type of investors.You can use the World Bank data on business entity formation to get benchmarks to help you estimate. While the World Bank data includes some sub national jurisdictions, like states in India, it does not include any data for individual states in the United States. You cannot compare Delaware to California and New York, for example. Management RequirementsSome jurisdictions and entity types require named officers or certain board structures. You can often satisfy those compliance requirements without interfering with your management plan for operating the business. For example, if you must name a President and Secretary as authorized signers and you have a co-founder, then one of you can serve one role while the other serves the other function. This choice does not necessarily have any effect on the management team you put in place. Some jurisdictions also impose a dual board structure where one board is charged with governance matters and the other is the operational management board. Before chasing a dual board structure, make sure that it is required in your jurisdiction for your size and type of business. Tax and Financial ObjectivesOne of the most important factors when choosing a legal entity is the tax treatment of that entity’s income. The place to start is the financial objective for the business: current income or growth. Of course, everyone wants both income and growth, but it is a question of priority and scale. Types of taxesJurisdictions may impose one or more of the following taxes: personal income, business income, franchise, property, consumption, and capital gains. Incorporating a business will probably affect your personal income. It might go up or go down, depending on the choices you make and your objectives. The place of incorporation may also impose a tax on the business’ assets or net worth in the form of a franchise tax. A franchise tax is typically imposed at the time of registration and renewal by the jurisdiction where the business is registered. Jurisdiction also strongly influences property taxes. Any layer of government might impose taxes on property the business owns or acquires. If the business is asset intensive, then property taxes can influence where you decide to incorporate and operate. Consumption taxes come in two flavors: sales and use taxes (“Sales tax”) or value-added taxes (“VAT”). End consumers pay sales tax that is collected by a retailer who sends it to the taxing authority. VAT, on the other hand, is paid at each step of the supply chain. Sales and VAT regimes impose different administrative burdens on your business. Sales tax is the consumption tax used by states in the US. Finally, capital gains taxes warrant consideration. A business might generate capital gains, which are profits on the sales of things not in the ordinary course of your business, such as selling a building. But the most significant capital gains event is the sale of the business after it is wildly successful. How will the jurisdiction tax that event? As a practical matter, there might not be much choice about where to live and run the business. International taxesA quick word about a long, complex subject: international income taxes. If a business sells products and services across national boundaries, tax advice from a tax professional is critical. Countries tend to take either a territorial or residence approach to taxation of income earned outside the business’ home countries. The territorial system only taxes income earned within the country. The residence system taxes income earned globally for every company residing in the territory. So knowing where your customers are and how you will reach them can affect your income tax bill and therefore the financial success of your business, and ultimately where you decide to incorporate your business. Business Entity Compliance and MaintenanceForming a business is a onetime event that creates a long string of maintenance tasks for as long as the entity is a going concern. Limiting liability and asset protection are primary objectives for forming a business entity. Maintenance preserves those benefits. Without careful maintenance of the legal entity, it might not provide protection when it is needed most. Over time things change for every business entity. Those changes are easily filed and forgotten. To keep in compliance and reduce risk from legal entity management, there are five buckets of information to track: entity summary data, company documents, filing requirements, officers and directors, and owners. Considerations for deciding the most suitable business entity • Sole Proprietorship: In this situation, one owns the business oneself and can reap whatever financial benefits come from it. One can make decisions on one’s own and guide the growth of the business without having to consult with any other entity. This also means that no other employee will ever have the chance to have own stocks. This may sound pretty good. But be aware that with a sole proprietorship, there is no distinction between one’s business life and one’s personal life as far as taxes and other financial obligations are concerned. As far as the government is concerned, proprietor and the firm are one and the same. This could have negative repercussions on the proprietor. Moreover, as a sole proprietor, one’s business will exist only as long as one continues to own it. • Partnership: In the same way as a sole proprietorship, a partnership draws no financial distinction between a partner’s personal and business finances. There are also inherent risks in partnerships. It is important to draft a “partnership agreement” to outline what happens if there is a disagreement among partners, if one wants to end the partnership, if one of the partners dies, etc. • Limited Liability Company : LLC’s are extremely flexible, and can be used for a very wide range of businesses. The members (equivalent to shareholders or partners) can, but need not, have limited liability; can, but need not have, managers (equivalent to directors and officers) and can elect to be taxed either as corporations, or as partners (if they have two or more members) or be disregarded for tax purposes like a sole proprietorship. • Business Corporation: Becoming “incorporated” brings with it many advantages. Your business becomes a separated entity (from you) and is chartered by the state in which it is located. This means that your business can enter into contracts, it pays taxes of its own, it can be sued. The owner becomes a shareholder and has the option to sell the business if things don’t work out for continued ownership. The negative piece of this option is that it is more expensive than the others and takes a bit more time. It is subject to much more compliance as compared to a Sole Proprietorship or Partnership or Limited Liability Company. Business Lawyer Free ConsultationWhen you need legal help with a Utah Business Entity, please call Ascent Law LLC for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.
Ascent Law LLC
8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506
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Is It Necessary To Copyright A Logo? ATV Accident Lawyer Bluffdale Utah Enforcing Grandparent Visitation With Contempt Of Court via Michael Anderson https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/utah-business-entity/ Legally referred to as dissolution of marriage in many states, a divorce is the termination of a marriage by a legal proceeding or in a court. Divorces are generally categorized as contested or uncontested. In a contested divorce, the parties cannot agree on at least one issue, while in an uncontested divorce, the parties agree to all terms. A legal separation, which many states still offer, only terminates the right of cohabitation, but not the legal status of the marriage itself. Filing for DivorceAfter retaining an experienced divorce attorney, the spouse seeking divorce prepares a petition for divorce and files it with the court in the state in which he or she lives. Each state has its own residency requirement for how long a spouse must live within the state before being eligible to file for divorce. See our article on filing divorce papers for links to each state’s forms. Grounds for DivorceEach state has its own statutory grounds for divorce. Grounds are typically classified as fault or no-fault. Some states offer both as available grounds, while other states have done away with fault divorces altogether; New York is the only state that still does not offer a no-fault divorce option. • No-Fault: In a no-fault divorce, neither party must prove the other engaged in wrongdoing. A spouse can be granted a no-fault divorce based merely on the marriage being irretrievably broken or the parties having irreconcilable differences. What is a Divorce Lawyer?Divorce lawyers are attorneys that specialize in family law. While simple divorces may not call for an experienced lawyer, many situations arise where competent representation is needed. This is especially true when there is a high level of anger and animosity preventing the couple from coming to an agreement on their own, and in cases in which there has been spousal or child abuse, substance abuse, and major property disputes. Duties of a Divorce LawyerThe duties of a divorce lawyer vary depending on the specifics of the case. In general, however, an attorney is responsible for helping the client throughout the process, from the first meeting, to settling matters after the divorce is finalized. A divorce attorney provides: • Advice on how to deal with marital property, bank accounts, credit cards, and other marital assets Divorce without a LawyerDepending on the state you live in, it might not even be necessary to hire a lawyer to facilitate your divorce. For example, in Texas, if both spouses are in full agreement about all the terms of the divorce, including child custody and child support and the division of property and debt, then a divorce can be granted without a trial. However, even in this circumstance, one of the spouses must first file an original petition for divorce with the Family Law District Court to have a divorce granted. You may wish to contract an attorney to help you file this document to ensure it is done correctly. Other Free Divorce ResourcesThere are a number of other free divorce resources available to you. Factors to Consider when Choosing a Divorce AttorneyWhen choosing a lawyer, divorcing spouses should consider each attorney’s experience, availability, track record and success. People preparing for divorce often face various concerns, from minimizing their financial losses to preserving their relationships with their kids. Amidst all of these worries, many people overlook the importance of finding the right divorce attorney. However, choosing a qualified and attentive representative is a critical first step to ensuring that the divorce goes well. Spouses who don’t know where to start should consider looking for the following qualities when selecting an attorney. • Relevant experience: Spouses should focus on finding attorneys who primarily practice family law and have local experience. Divorce laws vary significantly by state; for example, unlike most states, Arkansas requires spouses to establish fault for the divorce or live separately for 18 months. To ensure best results, a divorce attorney should have detailed knowledge and experience with these distinct laws. As an added benefit, The Huffington Post notes that attorneys with local experience will also be more familiar with local family law judges. As a result, these attorneys are usually better equipped to prepare strategically for any necessary litigation over alimony requests, property division or child custody arrangements. • Focus and availability: Divorcing spouses should use their initial meetings with prospective attorneys to assess how available and engaged each attorney is. Spouses may want to consider the attorney’s caseload and the level of attention that the attorney provides during the consultation. An attorney who seems distracted might not dedicate adequate attention to the case later. Spouses should also evaluate how easy reaching and communication with each attorney will be. • Quality of assistance: An attorney’s associates and support staff often perform essential duties over the course of a divorce case. Many divorcing spouses may even work largely with these members of the firm. Therefore, before making any commitments, spouses may want to request an opportunity to meet these individuals and assess whether working with them will be feasible. Spouses also evaluate whether a divorce attorney is prepared to work with other experts who provide crucial insights during a divorce. For instance, during marital property division, the assistance of forensic accountants and business valuators might be necessary. Spouses may benefit from choosing attorneys who routinely collaborate with these professionals. • Accuracy and honesty: According to CNBC, spouses should take note if an attorney makes guarantees or seems to simply be saying what the spouse wants to hear. Ideally, divorcing spouses should hire attorneys who can evaluate the situation accurately and honestly. To find the best representative, spouses should meet with multiple lawyers and request assessments of the case. This can help spouses determine whether any attorneys are being unrealistic or making unlikely promises. • Success in litigation: A divorce attorney’s record of success in litigated divorce cases is also an important factor to weigh. This is true even for spouses who hope to reach a settlement outside of court, since litigation is almost always a possibility. Spouses should learn how much time an attorney dedicates to litigation and how that litigation typically ends. People who consider all of these factors should be better prepared to find the right attorney. Although making the optimal choice will require extra time, divorcing spouses should remember that the outcome of the divorce will likely have life-changing impacts. This makes finding the right representation more than worth the effort. How Much Does a Divorce Cost?The national average cost of divorce is about $15,000 per person. The cost includes attorneys’ fees, court costs, and the cost of hiring outside experts like a tax adviser, child custody evaluator, or real estate appraiser. The time involved is what often determines the cost. For instance, the average divorce takes between four months and 11 months. And if a trial is necessary, it can take more than a year. What Factors Impact the Cost Of Divorce?Just like whether to divorce or not, the average cost is not an easy question to answer. The costs depend on a variety of factors – whether or not you or your spouse agree on specific things, and if you or your spouse require or want to use an attorney. Factors affecting the average cost include: What if the Agreement is Mutual?The more factors or issues unresolved by the person filing for divorce and the other party, such as custody or care of children or maintenance of property, or other shared assets such as investments, pensions, financial support, the more likely it is to cost the person filing for divorce. The more major issues resolved by both parties, the less it is likely to cost. If you and your spouse agree on major issues, regardless of how many there are, you can file an uncontested divorce – the least expensive – which could cost you even under $500 if you write and file your own divorce papers. All states charge their own fees for filing for divorce, even an uncontested filing, so a precise cost isn’t predictable. Some states also will grant the filer a waiver on the filing fees based on income. For an uncontested divorce, if the state where you file has a mandatory waiting period, once that period is up the divorce decree is final. An uncontested divorce is the least expensive, and the most straightforward, because no lawyers or mediators are needed to help both parties agree to the terms. The Average Cost of a Divorce without a LawyerThe minimum charge on a divorce is the filing fee. Filing fees can range from around $210, the lowest, in Wyoming, to $1,535 in California. If you’re using a lawyer, these fees are usually part of the lawyer’s retainer. Very few couples can agree on, identify, and amicably split assets in a divorce without a lawyer. If you don’t have children, have few assets – if you entered the marriage owning your own cars and rented your home, for instance – and agree no spousal support is required of either party because, perhaps, the marriage was short, you can do it yourself online. At least one person in a couple will have to file a legal petition for dissolution of marriage with the clerk of a local county court. As noted, each court charges a filing fee. The average is $300, but can be closer to $500 in some states, like California. When you file a divorce petition, you also need to serve the case, or papers, to your spouse. In the case of a divorce, the papers can be served either in person or by mail. In the case of an online, “do-it-yourself” divorce, the person who first filed the petition with the court usually submits the petition and a summons to the local sheriff’s department for the papers to be served by law enforcement personnel or arranges for a private process server to deliver the petition – a signature from the other party indicating they either agree to the terms or wish to contest it. A private process server to serve divorce papers usually costs about $50. The Average Cost of a Divorce with a LawyerIf there are significant assets to divide, or child custody, child support or alimony to decide, both parties usually benefit by hiring their own attorney. Using a lawyer, of course, increases the cost for either party. With a lawyer, your divorce could cost you a few thousand dollars to tens of thousands of dollars, depending on how much time of the lawyer’s you are billed. Lawyer fees, billed by the hour, can range from several hundred dollars an hour to more than $500. For some lawyers, a 15-minute consulting phone call, or emailing, could cost you half a billable hour. And a half-hour could cost you a billable hour. Lawyers charge for phone calls, emails, text messages, court preparation, depositions (questioning others on the record), discovery (getting information from your spouse’s lawyer related to your case), paper preparation and review, and research. Settling a case out of court can cost closer to $15,000.Most lawyers charge a flat fee or retainer to help with a divorce, but in general family law attorneys charge an average between $250-$350 per hour, though some might charge as much as $650 or more an hour to help clients through a complicated or difficult divorce, like one in which couples have their own businesses or other more complex shared assets. A retainer should cover most of the court fees, filing fees, and the lawyers’ time to meet in person, correspond with you by email or phone or text, and to appear at court hearings or other proceedings in person. A contested divorce with children requiring lawyers to help work out custody details will cost more because of the lawyer’s time involved than an uncontested one. Generally, the more time a child spends with one parent, the less in child support that parent has to pay. But in a contested divorce where no agreement can be reached on child custody or a schedule, the court can require a child custody evaluation be done by a trained psychologist who interviews each parent. The psychologist also talks to the kids, and observes the kids at home with each parent. If the child custody evaluator works for the county, the evaluation will cost an average of $1,000-$2,500. If a private evaluator is used, the charge might be $10,000 or more. Alimony determination can also take a lot of time and increase the cost to the couple. You can cut costs by using a lawyer for only part of your case: also called ‘limited scope representation.’ You could have your lawyer just review documents, or negotiate with your lawyer what you will or won’t pay for, such as agreeing to use the lawyer to prepare and review documents but not to charge you for phone calls or emails. A hearing or trial will also naturally increase your costs. Trials sometimes incur costs to you for several expert witnesses, and the cost of going to trail alone often results in divorce cases being settled out of court. For that reason, family law judges in most states assigned to contested divorce cases require couples to do everything they can to reach a settlement agreement and avoid a trial, because a trial costs not only the couple divorcing but also the city and state where the divorce is proceeding. If children are involved, yours together or even separately, costs increase with agreements having to be reached or adjudicated regarding child support, custody, and visitation. Without such issues, a divorce between two people in agreement can save both parties expense. That is why an uncontested divorce is the least expensive. If you and your spouse agree on the major issues of the divorce, you can write your own agreement. Your only cost then would be filing fees, serving papers, and the cost of divorce papers themselves if you get them online. Online companies will charge for preparing divorce papers, but they may also have lawyers review them for you. Some courts will give you a divorce packet for free; some states will have them available for free on their website as well. Besides an uncontested divorce, a way to save money and avoid a trial would be to use mediation of a collaborative divorce. In mediation, you and your spouse avoid trial be mediating with a neutral third party, a mediator. Because it involves a third party, usually a professional mediator, attorney-mediator, or former commissioner or judge, mediation can still wind up costing between a few thousand and $10,000 dollars, on average, depending on how long the mediation takes and how much is involved. Mediation usually costs an average of $100-$300 an hour. Even a collaborative divorce is cheaper than going to trial. In a collaborative divorce, both parties retain attorneys. You, your spouse, and your attorneys meet to hash out contested parts of the divorce. If you and your spouse ultimately reach agreements, while the attorneys will be an expense, the cost of litigation will be saved. How Long Does the Average Divorce Case Take?Another pressing question about divorce is how long the process takes, from filing the petition to a settlement or final court judgment. In our survey, the overall average duration of divorce was a year. Here again, the picture was worse for those who went to trial. For readers who went to trial on at least one issue, it took an average of 18 months to complete the process—and even longer if they had to resolve two or more issues. Consulting AttorneysBeyond doing everything you can to avoid a trial, our survey results pointed to some other possibilities for lowering the cost of divorce. Free Consultation with Divorce Lawyer in UtahIf you have a question about divorce law or if you need to start or defend against a divorce case in Utah call Ascent Law at (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.
Ascent Law LLC
8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506
Ascent Law LLC
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Salt Lake County Divorce Attorney via Michael Anderson https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/local-divorce-attorney/ The City of Bluffdale was established in 1848 and incorporated at the City of Bluffdale on October 13, 1978. The creation of the Utah Territory was the result of the petition sent by the Mormon pioneers who had settled in the valley of the Great Salt Lake starting in 1847. Bluffdale is a crossroads for transportation and utilities between Salt Lake and Utah Counties. It is home to open spaces, views of the Wasatch Range and a significant stretch of the Jordan River. Life Connected is the motto for the City of Bluffdale connecting the 15,000 residents, two counties and active lifestyles. The history of Bluffdale began with a larger area than it is today. It encompassed parts of Riverton, Draper and Herriman. It went as far north as 13800 South, as far east as I-15 in Draper, South to Lehi and West to 5400 W in Herriman City. A favorable business climate has led to the development of a wide range of industries, from traditional manufactured goods to a growing base of new economy products. The growth has attracted migrants from other places west seeking less crowding, lower living cost, and employment opportunities in a pleasant climate. Proximity to outstanding outdoor recreation, including skiing, rafting, and hiking in the Wasatch Mountains, is almost without comparison among large metropolitan areas. By contrast, the desert areas to the west offer little recreation or economic interest. Downtown Salt Lake is beautiful, with boulevards originally designed by Mormons to be wide enough for wagons to make a U-turn. The city itself preserves a clean, dignified character enhanced by the capitol and government buildings and the various landmarks and sites of the Mormon Church. Extensive commercial and industrial areas spread south and west of I-15. Aside from Ogden to the north, most of the area’s growth has spread south along a 40-mile stretch of relatively flat valley ending at Provo. A string of attractive family-oriented suburbs starts about 5 miles south of downtown and east of I-15 against the mountains; Sandy and Draper are the largest. Because of limited geography and high growth, the city is experiencing some crowding, traffic congestion, smog, and a rise in the cost of living. But the economy is strong, there is plenty to do, the climate is generally pleasant, the population is educated, and good housing values can be found. The Mormon community maintains a strong influence on state government; conservative policies on alcohol and other matters are uncomfortable for some. Salt Lake City is located in a dramatic valley surrounded by high mountains on three sides and the Great Salt Lake to the northwest. The city center is flat but the Wasatch Mountains to the east have peaks to 12,000 feet. The dry Oquirrh Mountains to the southwest of the city have peaks to above 10,000 feet. Heavily influenced by the mountains and the Great Salt Lake, the climate is semiarid continental with four distinct seasons. Summers have hot, dry weather, but high temperatures are generally tolerable because of low humidity and cool nights. Winters are cold but usually not severe. Mountains to the north block some cold air and the salt lake moderates cold from the northwest. Average annual snowfall is under 60 inches at the airport but much higher in the mountains. Heavy fog can develop under temperature inversions in the winter and persist for several days. In summer, the mountain ranges help to develop thunderstorms, which drift over the valley, particularly the eastern portion. The lake and mountains together create summer breezes and more precipitation than would otherwise occur in this high-desert environment. Heavy precipitation comes from Pacific storms in spring. The largest park in Bluffdale is Wardle Fields Regional Park, part of the Salt Lake County Parks system. At 40 acres, the park caters to the recreational needs of the region by providing a splash pad, a 25-foot tall watchtower, pickle ball and basketball courts, bouldering wall, zip lines, and other amenities. • Bluffdale City Main Park (22.37 acres) is the city’s largest park and features 2 pavilions, 16 picnic tables, a trail, and sports fields. • Central location: Bluffdale is roughly 20 minutes to downtown Salt Lake City and 20 minutes to Provo. It is a great place to be if you work north or south. • Fun community feel: In Bluffdale, Utah you can still be a part of a small town experience and enjoy activities such a Bluffdale Old West Days where there are carnivals, rodeos and parades helping it feel like a tight knit community. With a smaller city it is not as busy and can feel simpler, which can be hard to find in the Salt Lake area. • Great options for schools: Award-winning charter school Summit Academy elementary, middle school and high school, good public schools such as Riverton High School and nearby private schools such as Juan Diego are just a few of the options for schools. There is also a new elementary and middle school that are planned to be built in Bluffdale in the next couple of years. • Lots of outdoor activities: In Bluffdale you can enjoy the great Utah outdoors being so close by American Fork canyon, Draper trailheads, Jordan River Parkway and minutes from Utah Lake. There are 18.90 miles from Salt Lake City to Bluffdale in south direction and 23 miles (37.01 kilometers) by car, following the I-15 S and I-80 route. Salt Lake City and Bluffdale are 24 minutes far apart, if you drive non-stop. This is the fastest route from Salt Lake City, UT to Bluffdale, UT. The halfway point is Midvale, UT. Salt Lake City, UT and Bluffdale, UT are in the same time zone (MDT). Current time in both locations is 4:11 am. If you want to meet halfway between Salt Lake City, UT and Bluffdale, UT or just make a stop in the middle of your trip, the exact coordinates of the halfway point of this route are 40.615150 and 111.905746, or 40º 36′ 54.54″ N, 111º 54′ 20.6856″ W. This location is 11.41 miles away from Salt Lake City, UT and Bluffdale, UT and it would take approximately 12 minutes to reach the halfway point from both locations. The closest town to the halfway point is Midvale, UT, situated 13.05 miles from Salt Lake City, UT and 11.95 miles from Bluffdale, UT. It would take 16 minutes to go from Salt Lake City to Midvale and 14 minutes to go from Bluffdale to Midvale. The major city closest to the halfway point between Salt Lake City, UT and Bluffdale, UT is West Jordan, UT, situated 14.54 miles from Salt Lake City, UT and 8.38 miles from Bluffdale, UT. It would take 17 minutes to go from Salt Lake City to and 12 minutes to go from Bluffdale to West Jordan. Bluffale ATV Accident AttorneysAccording to the Consumer Product Safety Commission, more than 135,000 people are injured every year because of an accident involving a recreational all-terrain vehicle (ATV). What’s more is that over 700 are involved in a fatal crash; one-third of such fatal accidents occur to children who are under 16 years of age. This is nothing to take lightly. If you have been injured in such an accident, no matter whether it was recreational or if it was while on the job, you could have grounds to file a personal injury claim to recover full and fair compensation. • Operator Behavior: Often, ATVs are being used is in rural land. Should the operator not know the way to handle the vehicle, it can cause them to be ejected, for the car to roll over, or for them to lose control. When it comes to ATV accidents, studies have shown victims frequently suffer spine injuries. The people who are most commonly hurt are women and older children. Recent research showed that between 1997 and 2006, there was a 240% increase in the amount of child-related ATV injuries. Between those same years, there was a 436% increase in the number of spine injuries resulting from ATV accidents. Children who sustained a spine injury in an ATV accident are at an increased risk of associated injuries in the future. Not only are they at risk of suffering again, but there is a concern that the injury may not be adequately treated the first time around if the condition is not noticed during the first X-ray. Regardless of whether an injury is not fully-treated or if a later injury aggravates the condition, such spinal injuries can cause lifelong pain for the victim. The unemployment rate in Bluffdale is 3.0% (U.S. avg. is 3.9%). Recent job growth is Positive. Bluffdale jobs have increased by 1.5%. Compared to the rest of the country, Bluffdale’s cost of living is 44.3% higher than the U.S. average. Reasons to Make Your ATV Street Legal• It’s Convenient: You can go anywhere a car can go and a lot further. It’s a nice day out, and you don’t feel like loading your ATV into the truck just to get to your favorite riding spot. With a street legal ATV, you don’t have to! You can ride to the farm, the beach, the trails, the Taco Bell, or the local meeting place where all the car guys hang out. Parts Needed to Make an ATV Street LegalEach state has different laws regarding motor vehicles, and other countries do too. This generic information should help you meet the minimum legal requirements across most of the United States. Always check your local laws before operating a street legal ATV on public roads. Some states don’t allow street legal quads even if they don’t explicitly say so, because their laws say something crafty like all four-wheel vehicles newer than 19xx must have seatbelts or all four-wheel vehicles must have fenders that cover most of the tire. ATV Accident and Injury Attorney Free ConsuultationWhen you need legal help in Bluffdale Utah for an ATV Accident and Injury, please call Ascent Law LLC for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.
Ascent Law LLC
8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506
Ascent Law LLC
4.9 stars – based on 67 reviews
Change Of Circumstances And Grandparent Custody via Michael Anderson https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/atv-accident-lawyer-bluffdale-utah/ |
ABOUT USDivorce Lawyer in Orem, Utah. If you need divorce and bankruptcy lawyer, child custody, adoption or family law attorney who does child custody, father’s rights, divorces and family law that cares about you, your family, your case, and is aggressive, call 801-676-5506 now for a free consultation for divorce in Orem, Utah can be tough, so you need a smart divorce lawyer who can help you today. Call 801-676-5506 for the top divorce and bankruptcy attorney in Orem, Utah now. Archives
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